Features of transformation of degraded peat soils in Western Polissya of Ukraine

Abstract

The results of the study of the regularities of the transformation of peat soils (Fibric Histosols Dystric) of Western Polissia of Ukraine are presented. The regional character of the development of peat soils are illustrated by the Kopaivska drainage system (the village of Pishcha, Shatskyi district, Volyn oblast). The criteria for assessing the agroecological sustainability of peatlands subjected to degradation are proposed. Indicators rang together with scoring system are suggested. Route field expeditions were conducted during 2012-2015.
 The specific features of changes in agroecological and agrochemical indicators of degraded peat soils are established. The following parametres were investigated bogging, state of the soil surface and cover crop, erosional feature, skeleton soil profile, gritty consistency, number of stumps and wood, depth of humus-accumulated horizons, organic carbon content, mineral nitrogen, labile phosphorus and potassium compounds, radionuclide contamination, ignition loss, soil reaction.
 The change of the main diagnostic signs of the agroecological state of degraded peat soils is revealed. The results indicate a change in the degree of degradation from moderate to severe. According to the results of observations, during the years under investigation, there have been significant changes in agrochemical parameters of fire-induced soil. This is due to the variability of meteorological conditions. In particular, there was an increase in the content of organic carbon and mineral nitrogen compounds, in the content of mobile potassium compounds, an increase in the acidity of the soil and radionuclide contamination. Based on the results obtained, measures are proposed to restore the processes of peat formation, their water regimes, and the elimination of fire-induced occurrence. We propose to carry out renaturation and creation of a raw material zone for the production of alternative fuel and energy resources and solid types of fertilizers.