Abstract
According to the definition adopted by the international biological program, physical performance is characterized by maximum oxygen consumption (MOC). Profession, lifestyle, and sport affect the value of the MOC. For anatomy and physiology, oxygen delivery to muscle tissue depends on the state of the respiratory and cardiovascular system, the amount and composition of blood. In this case, the leading role belongs to the cardiac activity, namely to the magnitude of the shock and minute volumes of blood in working conditions. High values of MOC and, consequently, a large work capacity are characteristic of athletes specializing in cyclic sports with moderate and high power. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the adaptive response of the cardiovascular system of girls involved in cyclic and acyclic sports as well as those not involved in sports. The study was conducted in 2018. During the research, we used pulse oximetry and determination of blood pressure according to N.S. Korotkov, as well as an assessment of the adaptation of the cardiovascular system according to the Ruffier Index. Studies have shown differences in the level of performance of girls involved in cyclic sports (athletics) and acyclic sports (karate and taekwondo), as well as non-sports. During the experiments, heart rate and blood pressure indicators were recorded at rest and after exercise, and the Ruffier Index, which reflects the level of performance of the participants, was calculated.
Highlights
The pattern of cyclic movements is the following: all phases of movements that exist in one cycle are present in other cycles in the same sequence
According to the definition adopted by the international biological program [9], physical performance is characterized by maximum oxygen consumption (MOC)
The response to the exercises in these cases of comparison is eutonic, in contrast to the group of subjects not involved in sports, where the systolic blood pressure was 105.8±4.04 mmHg, the diastolic blood pressure was 64.3±3.36 mmHg and pulse pressure was 38.0±2.02 mmHg
Summary
The pattern of cyclic movements is the following: all phases of movements that exist in one cycle are present in other cycles in the same sequence. The cycles are inseparable, and the end of the exercise is the beginning of the movement. The role of the physiological basis of cyclic movements is performed by the rhythmic motor chain reflex, which has an unconditionally reflective origin and is maintained automatically. A significant part of cyclic movements are natural locomotions (movements) or are based on them. The main variables in cyclic movements are the power and duration of the exercise performed. Power is determined by the frequency of motion cycles, amplitude, and strength of movements
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