Abstract
The article presents the literature data and the results of the authors’ observations of preterm children in the postnatal period, born with extremely low and very low body weight, with the definition of the leading psycho-neurological disorders, which cause disabling conditions in this group of patients. The authors highlight the difficulties of predicting the neuropsychological development of deeply premature and extremely premature children. The scientists note the importance of a comprehensive assessment of their health status. They justify the necessity of improving the system of medical support for such children at all stages of nursing, rehabilitation and the introduction of a personalized approach to clinical practice with the development of differentiated programs of medical supervision and habilitation.
Highlights
The article presents the literature data and the results of the authors’ observations of preterm children in the postnatal period, born with extremely low and very low body weight, with the definition of the leading psycho-neurological disorders, which cause disabling conditions in this group of patients
The authors highlight the difficulties of predicting the neuropsychological development of deeply premature and extremely premature children
The scientists note the importance of a comprehensive assessment of their health status
Summary
В работе осуществляли сбор и анализ анамнестических данных, соматический и неврологический осмотр, оценку неврологического статуса по группам в декретированные сроки. Были выделены 3 группы: 1-я группа – 78 (47,9%) экстремально недоношенных детей, 2-я группа – 74 (45,4%) глубоко недоношенных ребенка и 3-я группа – 11 (6,7%) умеренно недоношенных. В 1-ю группу вошли дети с гестационным возрастом менее 28 нед, во 2-ю группу – дети с гестационным возрастом от 28 до 31 нед, с массой тела при рождении от 560 до 1500 г. Третью группу составили дети с гестационным возрастом 32–35 нед, имевшие массу тела более 1500 г (рожденные преимущественно от многоплодной беременности, при которой второй ребенок имел массу тела менее 1500 г). Распределение по гендерному составу (мальчики: девочки) среди экстремально недоношенных, глубоко недоношенных и умеренно недоношенных было следующим: 43:35 (55,1%:44,9%), 35:39 (46,3%:53,7%) и 6:5 (54,5%:45,5%) соответственно
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