Abstract
As developed countries mature as societies, their management of parks and green spaces has come with issues like shrinking budgets, global environmental sustainability, and the passing on of traditional landscaping techniques to future generations.In this study, we examined the characteristics of the issues regarding the operation and maintenance management methods used in the Gardens of Versailles. The results showed that patronage has played a large part in increasing income; that park management uses a policy prohibiting chemical products, which is being proactively moved forward by introducing large machinery to make management more logical and lax; that topiary shaping and repair of old lead pipe canal networks are essential for the inheritance of traditional techniques and for securing skilled technicians, as similar training of technicians is not available elsewhere; and they are attempting to pass down specific facilities and traditional techniques, while proactively utilizing the latest principles in working to improve the environment, executing their budget, complying with laws, and improving efficiency.
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