Features of the Influence of the Autonomic Nervous System on the Regulatory and Metabolic Parameters of Lymphocytes in Healthy Children and Children with Special Health Abilities

Abstract

The aim of the study was to study the content of biogenic monoamines (catecholamins and serotonin) and metabolic parameters (activities of succinate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase) of lymphocytes in normal children and in children with special health abilities, depending on the type of autonomic regulation. The survey involved 168 children of primary school age, of these, 114 relatively healthy children and 54 children with intellectual disabilities (mild (F70) and moderate (F71) degree of mental retardation). The groups were comparable in terms of gender and age. In both studied groups, an increase in the parameters of succinate dehydrogenase and catecholamines from vagotonic to hypersympathicotonic types of the initial vegetative tone was recorded. Also, in the group of children with special health abilities, a decrease in the activity of acid phosphatase was found as the activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system increased. In general, in healthy children, against the background of the prevailing eutonic type of autonomic regulation, the optimal regulatory and metabolic parameters of the cell are fixed, which determines sufficient adaptive responses in this group. In the group of children with disabilities, the dominant activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system manifests itself at the cellular level as hypercatecholaminemia, reduced levels of serotonin and acid phosphatase activity.