Features of the course of the psycho-organic syndrome in various brain pathologies on the example of patients of the neurosurgical department

Abstract

The high urgency of research in the field of neurosurgery of this category of brain injury is evident. Severe brain injuries, vascular pathologies, aggressive neoplasms, and degenerative processes entail changes in the emotional and volitional sphere and neurological status of the patient. Notably, the degree of changes is based on three main factors: individual peculiarities of the cerebral circulation pattern, compensatory mechanisms of the nervous system of a particular individual, and the severity of the lesion or, in the case of neoplasms, the intensity of their growth. The nature of the brain tissue lesion should be taken into account when selecting and adjusting therapy in order to avoid and prevent negative dynamics and manifestation of pathologic positive or negative symptoms. The greatest danger in terms of the development of psychoorganic syndrome is brain edema. The primary task of the neurosurgeon is to eliminate the edema as soon as possible. With increasing symptoms, the patient may make sudden unconscious movements and demonstrate aggression towards the staff against the background of loss of orientation, which can lead to injuries and deterioration of the condition. It is recommended to make the patient lie down and hospitalize them in the intensive care unit for rapid dehydration and antihypertensive therapy. At the time of transfer, a CT scan of the brain should be performed in order to detect acute pathology or recurrence of the underlying pathology for urgent or emergent surgical intervention.