Features of the Course of Hypertension among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high risk of early mortality and hypertension. The prevalence of AH is higher in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes. The higher prevalence of hypertension among diabetic patients is due to hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. All these factors cause the development and progression of atherosclerosis by destroying the blood vessel wall, contributing to vascular inflammation and endothelial cell dysfunction, disturbance of various cell types, such as platelets, and promoting coagulation. Thus, age, place of residence, duration of DM2, BMI, cigarette smoking and glycaemic control are significantly associated with hypertension. Studies using a larger sample size are needed to investigate the causes of uncontrolled blood pressure among diabetic patients and to develop appropriate measures for the prevention of cardiovascular complications[2,4,12].