Features of the Construction and Use of Small Hydroelectric Power Plants for Power Supply of Mountainous Regions of Tajikistan

Abstract

The article describes the dynamics of the development of power supply systems in Tajikistan in the 21st century. The predominant development of hydropower is shown, based on the geographical features of the relief of the republic, which is rich in hydropower resources. The tendency of a significant expansion of the construction of small hydroelectric power plants, which are the most effective in addressing the issues of power supply in the hard-to-reach high-mountainous regions of the republic, is noted. The features of electricity consumers in rural settlements and their influence on the formation of requirements for control systems of small hydroelectric power plants are considered. At the same time, the main attention is paid to solving the issues of balancing the output voltage of hydroelectric power plants with a significant asymmetry of phase loads, which is typical for household consumers. It is shown that the simplest and most effective method for the implementation of small hydroelectric power plants, taking into account the peculiarities of their use for mountainous regions, is their complete automation with the maximum use of semiconductor power discrete voltage conversion devices. An analysis of the existing methods for balancing phase voltages is given and a description of a new method based on a discrete voltage converter is given.