Features of Skin Wound Repair Under Conditions of Stem Cell Secretome (Cytokines) Application

Abstract

AbstractThe goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome on wound healing both in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro study used a monolayer of epithelial-like cells, while the in vivo study used smooth-haired guinea pigs. The secretome used in the study contained cytokines that are known in literature to regulate inflammation, stimulate cell chemotaxis and the regenerative process, and induce angiogenesis (VEGF, GRO/KC, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, IL-6, MCP-1, IFN -γ, IP-10, IL-10). In the in vitro experiment, monolayer of epithelial-like cells was scratched and then placed in a culture medium, with MSC secretome being added to the experimental sample. The recovery rate between the two samples was compared, and showed increased cell proliferation activity in the cell monolayer of the experimental sample, which led to faster closing of the defect. In the in vivo experiment, the induced skin wound was treated with the MSC Secretome (in the form of drops) for 2 days. The results were analyzed using methods of macroscopic observation, planimetry, histology and microscopic morphometry. The use of MSC Secretome resulted in an earlier epithelization of the wound, an earlier onset of the remodeling phase of the regenerate, and a decrease in the formation of scar tissue. In addition, under the influence of the MSC Secretome, the regenerate acquired a structure that closely resembles organotypic skin.KeywordsMesenchymal stem cellsSecretomeCytokinesSkinWoundRegenerative medicine