FEATURES OF PLASMA HARDENING OF WORKING BODIES OF TILLAGE MACHINERY IN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

This work is carried out in relation to the conditions of Kazakhstan. Its agricultural sector is sharply expressed by the horizontal and vertical zonality of soil and vegetation. Considering that the arable lands of the republic account for 20% of the total fund of the Eurasian Economic Union, the requirements for the efficiency of tillage machines in Kazakhstan are overstated. Such working bodies of tillage machines as the ploughshare, the coulter disc and the pointed paws of the cultivator lose their working capacity several times during their seasonal operation. The hardness of abrasives in the soil, such as granite and quartz, reaches 12 GPa. Therefore, it is necessary to develop such strengthening technologies for the structure of the surface layer of the working bodies of tillage machines so that it can resist abrasive soil particles. This is possible by introducing alloying elements of carbide materials into the structure of the surface layer of the product, carburizing this layer and creating a hardened layer consisting of oxides, carbides, borides and nitrides. Traditional hardening technologies cannot solve this problem. This task can be solved only with the development of technologies based on the use of high energies. Such energy is currently possessed by the energies of electric spark and vibro-arc discharges. In Kazakhstan, in comparison with the Russian Federation, the use of technologies based on concentrated energy flows for the restoration and strengthening of the working bodies of tillage machines is practically absent. In the Russian Federation, these technologies have applications, however, the physical-mechanical and physico-chemical processes occurring under the influence of concentrated energy flows on the surface of the processed products have only been partially investigated today. There is no optimization and modeling of the process. Plasmochemical processes occurring in the plasma medium itself have not been practically studied. There are no full-fledged studies of the interaction of the plasma itself with sprayed materials and alloyed elements. This work presents the results of studi