Abstract
The alien fish species invasion into the water bodies and watercourses along with intensive anthropogenic impact results in significant load on the aboriginal ichthyofauna, which is especially noticeable in water bodies of urban agglomeration. The paper deals with resistance and physiological and biochemical reactions of Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)) and Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) to phenol impact. In experiments, the effect of phenol (0.01,0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/dm3.) was studied for 14 days. Pseudorasbora parva was shown to be more resistant than Rhodeus amarus. The mortality rate of R. amarus exposed to phenol 5.0 mg/dm3 for 14 days amounted 88%, and P. parva - to 22%. Physiological and biochemical reactions of P. parva consisted in increase of the lactate dehydrogenase (1.6-2.1 times) and alkaline phosphatase (by 9.5-56.7%), significant consumption of the energy-intensive substances, in particular lipids and proteins. R. amarus responded to the toxicant impact by increase of the succinate dehydrogenase (2.2-3.6 times) and alkaline phosphatase (by 35.2-72.8%) activity, and by using of total lipids rather than proteins. This indicates a significant participation of aerobic redox processes in adaptive reactions of this species to phenol. So, the aboriginal species R. amarus and the invasive P. parva use different mechanisms of adaptation to the impact of high phenol concentrations.
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