Abstract
The genes of hybrid depression widely spread in the genus Triticum lead to inviability of hybrid plants and prevent the successful implementation of breeding programs. At the same time the phenomenon of hybrid depression serves as a basic model for the study of profound changes in hybrid plants resulting of expression of various genes. Research of the intensity and orientation of these changes and regularities of ontogenetic development of wheat is necessary to evaluate the viability of hybrids. We have investigated the influence of complementary genes of hybrid dwarfism on the root system, intensity of photosynthesis and the activity of catalase. It was shown that the interaction of complementary dominant genes of hybrid dwarfism has multilateral impact on the ontogenetic development of wheat hybrid Dwarf II. Depression in above ground and underground plant organs was manifested. Photosynthesis in Dwarf II hybrids proceeded more intensively than in the parental forms, but the catalase activity was interrupted in leaves and roots. Notable decrease of the volume and total absorbency of the root surface was detected.
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