Features of nutrition in women with arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity

Abstract

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Aim The study was aimed to investigate the nutritional characteristics of female patients (residents of Ukraine) with arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity. Materials and methods We examined 75 female patients (residents of Ukraine) with AH stage II, 2–3 degrees, aged from 40 to 59 years (40 women with AO (I–II degrees) and 35 women with normal body weight (NBW). All patients underwent a routine examination. The peculiarities of the nutrition of the patients were analyzed using the questionnaire "Diary of daily nutrition". Results The energy value of the daily ration was higher in the group of women with AH and AO (2782.4 [2214.6; 3118.4] kcal), than in women with AH and NBW (1823.2 [1516.5; 2368.5] kcal, р < 0,05. In the group of women with AH and AO, the maximum energy value of the daily ration was for dinner in the most of the examined (73%), in women with AH and NBW - only in 43% (p <0.05). The study of the macronutrient composition of the daily diet of patients showed a significant increase in fat intake (106.8 [87.9; 182.0] g / day) in the main group, in contrast to the comparison group (50.5 [38.5; 118.7] g/ day), p <0.01. Intake of saturated fatty acids (p <0.01) and trans-unsaturated fatty acids (p <0.01) was also likely to be higher in the group of women with АН and AO than in the group of women with AH and NBW. Women with AH and AO probably consumed more carbohydrates than women with AH and NBW (375.1 [302.4; 447.3] g / day and 269.2 [211.7; 374.8] g / day respectively, p <0.05. Daily protein intake in the group of women with AH in combination with AO and in the group of women with AH and NBW probably did not differ and amounted to 81.2 [57.4; 127.6] g / day and 74.5 [56.6; 132.7] g / day (p <0.05). Women with AH and AO consumed an insufficient amount of dietary fiber - 28.8 [6.3; 38.4] g/day. At the same time, the consumption of dietary fiber in the group of women with AH and NBW was probably high - 39.2 [15.9; 52.5] g / day (p <0.05) and corresponded to the European norms of healthy nutrition. The groups of women probably did not differ in the level of consumption of table salt (p = 0.082) and in the number of persons who "add salt to their food". Conclusions Significant violations of the healthy eating norms were found in women with AH, which were much more pronounced in women with AO that must be taken into account when developing optimal schemes for correcting the diet in these patients.