Abstract
The results of our studies made it possible to determine the main pathogenetic factors in the development of otomycosis in the examined patients, which is especially important; since fungi - causative agents of otomycosis are conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and show their pathogenic properties only under certain conditions. We found that an important factor for the development of otomycosis is the presence of general somatic diseases, which, according to the present study, were present in the majority (70.1%) of patients, which indicates a decrease in the body's resistance to opportunistic flora against the background of chronic diseases, various metabolic disorders. 25.7% of patients had diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in which dysbiosis develops with a decrease in the proportion of obligate microflora, a decrease in natural resistance to fungal flora. Diseases of the cardiovascular system of varying severity, including myocardial infarction, were found in 23.45% of patients. The fact that in 32 patients otomycosis developed against the background of diabetes mellitus testifies in favor of the pathogenetic significance of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the development of mycosis. A small number of observations and the results obtained did not allow us to state with certainty that there is a direct relationship between the incidence of otomycosis and antibiotic therapy. Analysis of our clinical material showed that prior to the diagnosis of otomycosis, systemic antibiotic therapy according to the anamnesis was carried out in 20 patients, local - in 9 patients (a total of 29 patients - 7.1% of the number of patients with otomycosis). We found that traumatic factors in the form of a systematic toilet of the ear canal with a cotton swab, removal of sulfuric plug, use of endoural headphones play an important role in the development of fungal ear infections. Against the background of trauma, otomycosis developed in 56.5% of patients.
Highlights
In recent years, mycoses with their diverse localization and clinical manifestations have been studied in depth by doctors of various specialties
Analysis of our clinical material showed that prior to the diagnosis of otomycosis, systemic antibiotic therapy according to the anamnesis was carried out in 20 patients, local - in 9 patients
We found that traumatic factors in the form of a systematic toilet of the ear canal with a cotton swab, removal of sulfuric plug, use of endoural headphones play an important role in the development of fungal ear infections
Summary
Mycoses with their diverse localization and clinical manifestations have been studied in depth by doctors of various specialties. According to WHO data, 20% of the world's population, i.e. every fifth inhabitant of the planet is affected by a fungal infection [1]. The increase in the number of patients is due to both a significant increase in risk factors for the development of mycosis, and unsystematic uncontrolled use of local antibacterial drugs in the treatment of otitis media. There is a trend towards the development of resistance of the mycosis fungus to specific antifungal drugs [2]. An increase in the proportion of chronic fungal inflammation with frequent relapses that are not amenable to drug correction has been noted, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the period of disability and disability of the population [3]
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