Features of laboratory data in the early diagnosis of tumors and ovarian tumours

Abstract

At the moment, there are a huge number of risk factors for the development of a tumor process in the ovaries. One of the fundamental niches that allow us to suspect the presence of an imbalance in the body, and the presence of neoplasms is laboratory diagnostics. The purpose of our work was to evaluate changes in laboratory blood tests as a predictor of the development of oncological tumor process in the ovaries in patients of reproductive age (18-40 years). The collection and processing of laboratory data of 168 outpatient and inpatient medical histories of patients of reproductive age, operated on the basis of the Department of oncogynecology of the sbuz SOKOD for tumors and ovarian tumours from 2012 to 2015. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS21, license number 20130626-3 (An IBM Company; USA) and Microsoft Excel (Microsoft; USA). To achieve this goal, the patients were divided into groups according to the who morphological classification of 2013. A study of clinical blood analysis and biochemical blood analysis at the preoperative and early postoperative stages of treatment was conducted. The CA-125 titer was evaluated in two stages: as a qualitative and quantitative indicator. A study was also conducted for the presence of a genetic mutation in the BRCA 1 and 2 genes by taking a blood sample. In conclusion, we can conclude that on the basis of laboratory data it is impossible to conduct a differential diagnosis between tumors and tumor-like formations of the ovaries. When evaluating changes in General clinical blood tests, no significant changes were detected. Our work in a group of patients of reproductive age revealed the absence of mutations in the BRCA 1 and 2 genes. There was a significant increase in the tumor marker of the CA-125 titer (p = 0.015) in a group of patients with tumors and ovarian tumours aged 18–40 years.