Abstract
One of the main requirements of the new stone fruit varieties recommended for commercial cultivation is a compact crown shape that allows for greater plant density and easier crown maintenance. The aim of the research was to establish the growth processes of the above-ground parts of cherry trees in varieties of different ripening periods. The article presents the results of studies of the features of apical and lateral growth of sweet cherry trees. Biological and varietal features of tree growth strength, growth and total length of annual shoots are determined. The dependence of tree trunk growth on apical growth force is established. According to the results of research, sweet cherry varieties are grouped according to the strength of growth: the vigorous varieties are Amazonka, Dar Mliyeva, Zoryana, Mliyivska zhovta; the semi dwarf are Aboryhenka, Alyonushka, Drohana zhovta, Mirazh; the dwarfing are Biryuza, Donetskyy uholyok, Melitopolska krapchasta, Meotida. The smallest increase in trunk diameter was found for the dwarfing variety Biryuza, and the largest – for the variety Drohana zhovta. The highest yield load per unit cross-sectional area of the trunk was recorded for the variety Donetskyy uholyok, the lowest – for Drohana zhovta. The amount of growth in the trunk diameter was inversely dependent on a load of trees with the crop and the strength of apical growth of sweet cherry trees. The features of shoot-forming ability allow characterising the shape of the crown of cherry trees: round – Donetskyy uholyok, Amazonka; high-round – varieties of Aborigenka, Dar Mliyeva, Zoryana; wide-pyramidal – Alyonushka, Drohana zhovta, Melitopolska krap-chasta; pyramidal – Mliyivska zhovta, Mirazh; low – Meotida, Biryuza. Dar Mliyeva, Zoryana, Mirazh, Melitopolska krapchasta and Drohana zhovta varieties have high shootability; the Mliyivska zhovta, Aboryhenka, Meotida, Amazonka varieties have medium shootability; Alyonushka, Biryuza, Donetskyy uholyok varieties have low shootability
Highlights
The basis of intensive gardening is the introduction of new dwarfing varieties into production in order to increase the planting density to 2000 trees per hectare, which reduces the cost of manual labour for harvesting and pruning trees, chemical protection, etc
The highest yield load per unit cross-sectional area of the trunk was recorded for the variety Donetskyy uholyok, the lowest – for Drohana zhovta
As a result of observations, the largest increase in the diameter of the trunk was found in trees of the varieties Alyonushka, Mliyivska zhovta and Drohana zhovta
Summary
The basis of intensive gardening is the introduction of new dwarfing varieties into production in order to increase the planting density to 2000 trees per hectare, which reduces the cost of manual labour for harvesting and pruning trees, chemical protection, etc. Since rootstock combinations of stone breeds are mainly vigorous, harvesting manually is the most time-consuming process, which accounts for 50-80% of all cultivation costs [2]. O.A. Kishchak [3] identified a group of varieties in which, without special pruning, many shoots with a length of more than 20 cm are formed during fruiting and growth. Kishchak [3] identified a group of varieties in which, without special pruning, many shoots with a length of more than 20 cm are formed during fruiting and growth They make up more than 50% of the whole crop
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
