Features Of Giftedness Manifestation In Preschool Children

Abstract

The problem of the development and support of giftedness refers to the urgent problems of modern psychology of personality. Early manifestations of giftedness can be detected at preschool age. Preschool childhood is an important stage in the personal development and disclosure of the child's talents. The study was carried out in line with the approach to the analysis of children's giftedness proposed by A.M. Matyushkin: giftedness was considered to be prerequisite for the formation and development of a creative personality; and creativity stood out as the basis of giftedness. The study was aimed at studying the features of the manifestation of giftedness in modern preschoolers. The study involved 420 children 5-7 years old. Among them, 78 preschool children with signs of giftedness were identified. The emphasis in the study was on the analysis of features in creative and intellectual indicators of their development in the aspect of intra-group differences. As a result of using cluster analysis, three clusters were identified: Cluster 1 and cluster 3 with identified differences in creative indicators had a certain similarity in some intellectual indicators. Cluster 2 was very different from other clusters. Part preschoolers of Cluster 2 revealed development difficulties (speech, attention and self-organization). The results obtained make it necessary to take into account the variability of the disclosure of children's giftedness, both in the process of diagnostic procedures and in the implementation of educational programs for the development and support of the abilities and gifts of children at the stage of preschool childhood.