Features of Germination of Flax Seeds under the Influence of Hypothermal Stress

Abstract

Oil flax is a valuable and cost-effective agricultural crop, which is used in various industries. Flax is a relatively cold-resistant moisture-loving plant for a long day, so late sowing leads to a decrease in yield. Sowing in the “February-March windows” is the most economically feasible, but it is necessary to take into account sudden frosts, due to which crops shed or plants die. On different cultures it has been proven that a synergistic interaction of manganese, zinc and cuprum has a positive effect on cold resistance. The objective of this work was to establish the characteristics of seed germination of various genotypes of oil flax under the influence of hypothermic stress and to reveal the content of copper, manganese and zinc in the seeds on their cold resistance. The research material was the seeds of 5 genotypes of oil flax: Vodograi, A-11, B-11, Southern Night, Southern Altai. Determination of cold resistance was carried out by methods of cold germination of seeds and cold germination of seeds in the soil. The content of trace elements was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with flame atomization. The article studies the change in the indicators of germination of oil flax seeds (germination energy, copper, manganese and zinc) under the influence of cold stress. Based on the difference in the values of moisture absorption activity between the experimental and control variants, we found that methods for assessing cold tolerance (cold germination of seeds and cold germination of seeds in the soil) are effective. It was established that genotypes resistant to hypothermia had a higher moisture content and higher water absorption during cold germination on filter paper and in the soil. The highest water-absorbing activity was of the Vodograi variety, samples A-11 and B-11 were slightly lower, the lowest was Southern Night and the lowest was Southern Altai. A positive effect of a high content of copper, manganese and zinc in dry flax seeds on the cold resistance was found. The highest micronutrient content, 91.6 mg / kg, was characterized by the cold-resistant variety Vodograi, and the lowest content was 68.6 mg / kg - the unstable variety Southern Altai.