FEATURES OF FUNCTIONAL ZONING NATIONAL NATURAL PARKS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

National natural parks, as one of the forms of nature conservation objects, best reflect the modern concept of the social role of protected areas, according to which the latter are not excluded from the sphere of economic use, but indirectly included in it in qualitatively new forms, in particular, through maintenance of the ecological balance in regions, preservation of specificity and use of ecosystem properties. Unlike nature reserves, national parks play an overwhelming role, while simultaneously combining the environmental and environmental objectives and the social plan. The article presents an analysis of the current state of functional zoning of national natural parks. This problem is very relevant at the present time because of the limited amount of research and data that can be relied on. Another legislative problem is the lack of a unified system for distributing territories between zones. National parks vary in their ratio and quantity in different ways. This problem for modern environmental activities is one of the key, based on the fact that functional zones are not only referred to differently, but also perform excellent functions. The author conducts research on the process of development of functional zoning, his scientific substantiation at the stage of the project organization of the territory of national natural parks. Comparable methods and approaches to the functional zoning of national parks. An example of jurisprudence is presented regarding the occurrence of conflict in the established boundaries of functional zones. Proposals on amendments to the current legislation are made. Functional zoning allows you to resolve conflict situations. Particularly protected natural areas traditionally perform the following functions: nature conservation, research, recreation, educational and cognitive, cultural heritage protection, and economic. The environmental function often conflicts with other target functions. The latter can be combined with each other: recreational and economic, recreational and educationalcognitive. The emergence and exacerbation of contradictions can be influenced by a number of factors: the socio-economic situation, the environmental situation, the existing types of land use and nature use. Avoid contradictions by zoning. Functional zoning reflects the spatial differentiation of environmental regimes and, after that, the differentiation of permissible and necessary activities. Specifying the mode allows you to regulate activities within each zone, determine access opportunities, optimal level of recreational load, rules of the internal order.