Features of elements of the protection system of sugar beets from the root

Abstract

Goal. The goal of the research is to study the effectiveness of biological preparation made on the basis of fungi of the genus Trichoderma (T. hamatum) (isolated from the mixed forests ground litter in Zhytomyr region) against the causative agent of sugar beet black rot (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium javanicum and Rhizoctonia solani); to determine the most effective way of application of the examined strain of the fungus against the sugar beet black rot agents; to study its influence on the initial plant growth and development as well as the indices of sugar beet productivity.
 Methods. The methods used during the research work include field studies, laboratory studies, field and laboratory studies. The field tests were conducted in the conditions of Uladovo-Liulynetska experimental plant selection station. The sugar beet black rot agents wereselected and identified in the laboratory of the Department of Plant Protection of Zhytomyr National Agroecological University.
 Results. It has been ascertained that the application of the fungus strain T. hamatum ZH-6 against the sugar beet black rot agents directly into the soil during the sugar beet cropping proved to be the most effective way of its usage. The simultaneous application of T. hamatum ZH-6 with row fertilizers leads to an increase in the density of sugar beet seedlings by 0,6pieces per linear meter in the phase of the first pair of leaves, and by 1.1 pieces per linear metering the phase of the second pair of leaves, compared to the control variant. The application of the fungus strain T. hamatum ZH-6 contributes to a decrease in the degree of development of black rot in sugar beet seedlings by 31.9% as compared to the control variant. However, it`s efficiency is 10.4% lower than that one obtained from the seed treatment with the chemical Tachigaren, 70%WP. The extra yield of sugar beets under condition of simultaneous application of Trichoderma hamatum ZH-6 strain with the row fertilizers amounts to 6.2 t/ha in comparison with the absolute control.
 Conclusions. It has been proved that the use of the strain of the fungus T. hamatum ZH-6 by means of its application into the soil during sowing allows to protect sugar beets from the black rot agents and obtain a yield increase in the range of 6.2 t/ha.