Features of education and upbringing of children in noble families in Russia in the XVIII–XIX centuries

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of raising children in the families of the Russian elite of the 18th-19th centuries, as well as its relevance for the modern development of pedagogical science. The author has carried out an analysis of family education in a noble environment in the works of representatives of the Russian intellectual elite of the 18th-19th centuries, which was based on a rethinking of the pedagogical ideas of humanism and enlightenment. When studying the works of scientists, methods of assessing the pedagogical heritage of the epoch were used, based on the historical reconstruction of pedagogical phenomena and their consistent understanding. The article points out that in the works of representatives of the Russian elite of the XVIII–XIX centuries the following main ideas of family education were proclaimed: the need to improve the interaction between the child and parents on the basis of humanism and faith in the success of the educational influence of parents on the personality of the child; understanding of education as a means of creating a perfect personality; the need for a harmonious combination of different forms of family education; respect for the personality of the child.