FEATURES OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE RESPONSE TO EXERCISE TESTS IN ATHLETES OF VARIOUS SPORTS

Abstract

The aim – analysis of short and long-term blood pressure responses to exercise test in young people involved in various sports. Materials and methods. The study involved athletes ranked from Third-Class athletes to the Master of Sports of the Russian Federation. During exercise tests, we used the following ergometers and load protocols to simulate various physical activity: Cosmos quasar treadmill – speed increase by 1 km/h per minute; e-Bike Bicycle Ergometer – load increase by 15 watts/min; Concept 2 rowing ergometer – 30W load increase every two minutes. Results. The research revealed that the blood pressure response to exercise tests in the studied groups of young men depended little on weight and height indicators because there were practically no overweight persons among active athletes. Pulse pressure (PP) is a genetic factor. In this regard, blood pressure indicators of young men are higher at rest and after exercise tests than blood pressure indicators of girls. When considering indicators without gender differentiation, rowing was the most distinctive sport in terms of indicators of blood pressure response to exercises tests. We recorded the lowest values of diastolic pressure after rowing activity. In our opinion, this follows from the fact that the «global vasodilation» effect leads to a short-term blood pressure drop (on average by 6 mm Hg) after exercise test. This is expressed in statistically significant DP differences (p<0,05) before and after exercise test in rowers compared to athletes involved in other sports. Conclusion. Indices of blood pressure at rest and after physical activity depend on gender factors and kinds of sport. At the same time, rowers demonstrated the most distinctive data. We can explain it both by the number of muscles involved in motor activity and by the specifics of execution (body position).