Features of anaesthetic echocardiomonitoring in dogs weighing up to 10 kg with heart disease

Abstract

A traumatic factor affecting tissues causes a complex of morphological and functional disorders of structures. The body responds to this damage with a protective-adaptive reaction, which regulates the effect of the stimulus by the neurohumoral defense of the body. Decreased cell resistance and physiological functions result from disorders of the nervous and endocrine system. In terms of anesthetic complications and mortality related to anesthesiological practice, which are the cause of 25-50% of fatal outcomes after non-cardiological operations. The aim of the work was a comparative assessment of echocardiographic parameters of systolic and diastolic heart function in dogs that were undergoing elective anesthesia. Ultrasonographic examination was performed initially before and after general anesthesia based on propofol, isoflurane and zoletil. In the long term, after 1 month and 1 year after anesthesia. The results of the study showed a decrease in the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart. The criterion for assessing systolic function is a decrease in the ejection fraction, an increase in end-systolic and end-diastolic size. The criterion for assessing diastolic function is a decrease in the maximum speed of the transmitral flow during early diastole and an increase in the maximum speed of the transmitral flow during the late diastole. A month after anesthesia, the progression of a decrease in myocardial contractility was revealed. Due to an increase in the end-diastolic volume in a month and a year after anesthesia, the overloaded left ventricle maintained a normal cardiac output even with a decrease in the fraction of the emission.