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Abstract
Additive technologies (AT) are effective when processing relatively small batches of products, when high costs of materials is compensated by lowering fixed costs which are related to the use of traditional technologies. Aerospace equipment production is characterized, as a rule, within single and serial (small and medium series) types of production, which is why additive technologies will be in high demand in this field of engineering production. There is a necessary condition, regarding the widespread implementation and spreading of new technologies. It is its technical and economic efficiency. This article provides specific information on the comparative characteristics of classic and additive technologies of the common purpose and some pros and cons of these technologies. The main disadvantage of layer-by-layer synthesis of complexly shaped products is a relatively long duration of machine processing, resulting in high production costs, depreciation of equipment, and calculation of net costs. It is also noted that the feasibility study of AT use leads to reducing the number of workers and costs for maintaining on-site life safety. Also the usage of AT will lead to the reduction of shop and factory overhead costs due to cheaper logistics. In the field of aerospace engineering the major and promising direction of work in the field of additive manufacturing is to improve the technologies and equipment for the synthesis of products of ceramic and composite materials.
Highlights
Adoption of additive technologies and additive manufacturing at mechanical engineering enterprises is a widely discussed subject of scientific and engineering OLWHUDWXUH >@ 7KHUH LV D QRWDEOH GHPDQG IRU VXFK technology in the military-LQGXVWULDO FRPSOH[ >@ SDUWLFXODUO\ LQ DHURVSDFH HQJLQHHULQJ >@When making an aircraft, the following advantages of additive technology are of particular importance: 1. Structural complexity of a product can reduce its mass
Some technologies that are widely used and are sometimes critical in this industry are essentially additive technologies; they are barely discussed in additive technology papers due to their specific nature
I1 for the second option, as follows: C2 C pr Cad C ps where ɋ1, ɋ2 are the total final product manufacturing costs for the manufacturing options under comparison, ɋɡi is the cost of making a workpiece for the ith part of DQ DVVHPEO\ XQLW ɋɦi the cost of machining the ith part, m is the number of assembly unit parts manufactured, ɋɫɛ is the cost of assembling a composite part with due account of the costs of other components per the assembly unit specifications, ɋɩɪ is the cost of preliminary operations, ɋɚɞ is the cost of additive shaping operations, ɋɩɫ is the cost of subsequent finishing operations
Summary
Adoption of additive technologies and additive manufacturing at mechanical engineering enterprises is a widely discussed subject of scientific and engineering OLWHUDWXUH >@ 7KHUH LV D QRWDEOH GHPDQG IRU VXFK technology in the military-LQGXVWULDO FRPSOH[ >@ SDUWLFXODUO\ LQ DHURVSDFH HQJLQHHULQJ >@. In conventional manufacturing of the essential aerospace engineering parts, the MUF is 0.05 to 0.2. Use of AT increases that factor to 0.7 – 0.9, leading to a significant reduction in the cost of expensive materials. Use of AT in manufacturing the five essential parts of a liquid-jet engine makes the manufacturing cycle five times shorter on average. 4. Replacing an assembly unit with a single part item makes the composite parts of a product more reliable while shortening their manufacturing cycle. Aerospace engineering is generally about single, small-batch and medium-batch manufacturing, which is why additive technologies will enjoy particular demand in this industry. Calculations performed by one of the leading enterprises in the industry show that additive manufacturing of a number of products, on average, increasH WKH 08) WR PDNH WKH PDQXIDFWXULQJ. Some technologies that are widely used and are sometimes critical in this industry are essentially additive technologies; they are barely discussed in additive technology papers due to their specific nature
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