Feature distribution modelling techniques for 3D face verification

Abstract

This paper shows that Hidden Markov models (HMMs) can be effectively applied to 3D face data. The examined HMM techniques are shown to be superior to a previously examined Gaussian mixture model (GMM) technique. Experiments conducted on the Face Recognition Grand Challenge database show that the Equal Error Rate can be reduced from 0.88% for the GMM technique to 0.36% for the best HMM approach.