Feasibility Test of a Community-Relevant Intervention Designed to Promote African American Participation in Translational, Breast Cancer Disparities Research: Know About Health Options for Women (Know HOW).

Abstract

There are marked racial differences in breast cancer, the second leading cause of death among US women. Understanding the causes of these differences is essential to eliminate breast cancer inequities. More prevalent in African American than in Caucasian women, metabolic syndrome has been associated with breast cancer outcomes. Further research is needed to understand metabolic syndrome's role in breast cancer disparities, thus novel strategies to increase minority participation in research are important. We embedded two approaches (comprehensive, focused) to increase African American participation in breast cancer research in a state-wide service program and pilot tested both approaches in rural African American women. We conducted three comprehensive and three focused outreach programs (n = 48) and assessed research participation through consent and actual provision of data for four types of data: survey, anthropometric, blood, and mammography records. The majority of participants provided written consent for all data collection procedures (96% survey; 92% anthropometric; 94%, blood; 100% mammography). There were no between group differences in consent rates. There was variation in the overall proportion of participants who provided data (96% survey; 92% anthropometric; 73% blood; 40% mammography). Women in the comprehensive approach were less likely to return for a scheduled mammogram than women in the focused approach (19% vs 64%, p = 0.0236). Both outreach programs promoted African American engagement in research. Differences in the provision of data by type may have been due to participant burden (i.e., time required to provide data). Study designs that embed research in service programs have promise to increase minority research participation.