Feasibility of using simple diet self-assessment tool (SDSAT) to establish trajectory of dietary intake for patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Abstract

e13805 Background: Chemotherapy is often accompanied by impaired dietary intake, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes without effective intervention. Predicting dietary changes during chemotherapy enables early nutritional support, but the dynamic pattern and interindividual variability in dietary intake during chemotherapy remain unclear. Our aim was thus to assess the feasibility of using the Simple Diet Self-Assessment Tool (SDSAT) to establish dietary intake trajectories in patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This study used data from an ongoing, prospective cohort study (Patient-Reported Outcome Management Including Surveillance and Intervention in Nutritional Group) of patients receiving chemotherapy in 2021 and 2022. Diet was assessed using the SDSAT once before the treatment and at least three times during one chemotherapy cycle. We applied a group-based trajectory model to identify trajectories of dietary intake. The 24-hour dietary recall (24HR) was used to verify the validity of energy and protein intake estimated by SDSAT; compliance with SDSAT was also assessed. Results: Five trajectory groups were identified for food intake based on 217 entries by 56 patients. The compliance rate accounted for 81.11% for ≥4 cumulative responses per cycle. The agreement between the SDSAT score and the dietary energy and protein intake estimated from 24HR was high (κ: 0.888–1.0, P<0.001). Groups 1 and 2 had significantly lower dietary energy/protein intake than Groups 4 and 5 (P<0.001) but with distinct dietary patterns. Group 4 was the most common dietary trajectory (35.10%). Furthermore, Groups 1, 2, and 3 had significantly weaker handgrip strength (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02–1.22, P=0.016) compared with Groups 4 and 5. Conclusions: SDSAT was feasible to establish dietary trajectories during one chemotherapy cycle. Longitudinal analysis highlights the interindividual differences in dietary intake patterns among patients receiving chemotherapy and may help to inform proactive and individually tailored nutritional interventions.