Feasibility of telerehabilitation to address the orientation and mobility needs of individuals with visual impairment: perspectives of current guide dog users

Abstract

Orientation and Mobility (O&M) training, including guide dog services, is crucial for individuals with low vision and blindness to attain independent travel. While teleassistance has proven effective for navigation and communication, telerehabilitation in O&M remains unexplored. Objective To assess guide dog users’ perspectives on the feasibility of telerehabilitation for their O&M needs. Method An online survey gathered insights from 56 guide dog (GD) users (Mean age = 59, Mean GD used = 4, Mean duration of use = 22 years). Thirteen GD users further participated in interviews or focus groups to explore survey responses. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Findings Most (40) were blind, and 16 had low vision, with intermediate (25) and advanced (25) communication technology proficiency. Most GD users (46) underwent residential training, and 10 received one-on-one visits. Qualitative analysis revealed acceptance of telerehabilitation services, citing accessibility as an advantage. However, GD users expressed concerns about safety, potential loss of behavioral observation, and social contact loss. Success depended on the type of technology, service type, and personal attributes. Conclusion While feasible, telerehabilitation services may not be universally suitable for all training stages. Flexibility and applicability in service design are necessary to accommodate individual preferences and experience levels.