Abstract
Existing cellular networks remain operational throughout the year irrespective of traffic. The usage of Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) transmission to provide service in the coverage area of a switched off base station (BS) during off-peak traffic hours has been investigated in this work. The switching off of a BS reduces its energy consumption to zero, however to cover the switched off BS coverage area by neighbouring BS’s, CoMP transmission causes an increase in energy consumption of the neighbouring BS’s. With increasing the number of base stations taking part in CoMP transmission the power consumption of CoMP base stations and site air conditioning unit increases. Results show that the aggressive usage of CoMP is not feasible in most of the twelve switching modes investigated. From the Energy Efficiency Ratio the most energy efficient switching mode is identified. It is then applied to part of a cellular network and the amount of power saving and Carbon Dioxide equivalent (CO2e) is determined. It is found that within a network of 42 cells 7.26% power can be saved by switching off seven base stations during off-peak traffic hours.
Highlights
1.1 Background and IntroductionIn recent years there has been tremendous growth in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) sector and the number of internet, data and cellular users have reached to billion of users
The use of Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) shall be investigated to find out whether the neighbouring base stations shall be able to ensure the QoS at the worst case locations of a user in the switched off cell coverage area as it was at the same location when the base station was not turned off
At the same time the trouble free communication in the switched off base station coverage area needs to be ensured by the neighbouring base stations taking part in CoMP transmission and whether the QoS of a user as it was when the BS was operational in conventional manner can be ensured by CoMP operation of neighbouring BS’s
Summary
In recent years there has been tremendous growth in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) sector and the number of internet, data and cellular users have reached to billion of users. With the growth of number of cellular users and with bringing new geographical areas under coverage, the number of base stations (BS’s) is increasing, thereby resulting in an increase in energy consumption. According to [2] the number of connections (excluding machine to machine) shall reach 8 billion mark by year 2020 and the operators are constantly deploying new BS’s to satisfy this growth. In thermal power generation different types of fuel such as furnace oil, coal and natural gas is burnt to operate the thermal power plants (e.g steam and combined cycle power plants) for power generation This burning of different types of fossil fuel is resulting in emission of Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide gases thereby polluting earth’s environment and raising its temperature. Other equipments contributing to energy consumption at a BS site are backhauling system, alarm and monitoring system and air conditioning system
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