Abstract
BackgroundThis study evaluated carbon‐ion radiotherapy (C‐ion RT) for oral non‐squamous cell carcinomas (non‐SCC).MethodsWe retrospectively obtained data from 74 patients who underwent C‐ion RT for oral malignancies between April 1997 and March 2016. The C‐ion RT was administered in 16 fractions at a total dose of 57.6 or 64.0 Gy (relative biological effectiveness).ResultsForty‐three patients had salivary gland carcinomas, 29 patients had mucosal melanoma, and 2 patients had other types of pathologies. The tumors were classified as T1‐T3 (24 cases), T4a (21 cases), or T4b (29 cases). The median follow‐up was 49 months. The 5‐year rates were 78.8% for local control, 36.2% for progression‐free survival, and 58.3% for overall survival. Although 10 patients developed grade 3 osteoradionecrosis after C‐ion RT, all patients maintained their mastication and deglutition functions after sequestrectomy and prosthesis placement.ConclusionC‐ion RT was effective for oral non‐SCC and had acceptable toxicities.
Highlights
The standard treatment for oral malignancies is surgery,[1,2,3] and definitive radiotherapy (RT) is usually performed for inoperable cases
RT has a limited role for non-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases,[4,5] which highlights the need for an effective treatment modality for patients with inoperable oral non-SCC cancer
The present study revealed promising clinical outcomes and acceptable toxicities after C-ion RT for oral non-SCC, which suggests that it is feasible for patients with inoperable locally advanced oral non-SCC
Summary
The standard treatment for oral malignancies is surgery,[1,2,3] and definitive radiotherapy (RT) is usually performed for inoperable cases. Carbon ion RT (C-ion RT) has a higher linear energy transfer and a greater relative biological effectiveness (RBE) than photon RT.[6] various reports have described promising results from C-ion RT for radioresistant tumors, such as salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) and mucosal melanoma of the head and neck.[7,8,9] Koto et al.[8] evaluated 46 patients with locally advanced parotid gland carcinoma who were followed-up for a median of 62 months and reported 5-year rates of 74.5% for local control and 70.1% for overall survival (OS). Koto et al.[9] evaluated 260 patients with mucosal melanoma who underwent C-ion RT and reported 5-year rates of 72.3% for local control and. Conclusion: C-ion RT was effective for oral non-SCC and had acceptable toxicities
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