Abstract
Mineral carbonation is gaining increasing attention for its ability to sequester CO2. The main challenge is doing it economically and energy-efficiently. Recently, many studies have focused on the aqueous reaction of carbon dioxide with the alkaline earth minerals such as serpentine, Mg-rich olivine and wollastonite. Nevertheless, Fe-rich olivines have been poorly studied because of their high energy demand, which make them unfeasible for industrial implementation. This article describes the feasibility of an indirect mineral carbonation process using silicic, Fe-rich mining waste with direct flue gas CO2 via iron complexation using 2,2′-bipyridine. The overall process was performed in three main steps: leaching, iron complexation, and aqueous mineral carbonation reactions. The preferential parameters resulted in a recirculation scenario, where 38% of Fe cations were leached, complexed, and reacted under mild conditions. CO2 uptake of 57.3% was achieved, obtaining a Fe-rich carbonate. These results are promising for the application of mineral carbonation to reduce CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the greenhouse gas balance had a global vision of the overall reaction’s feasibility. The results showed a positive balance in CO2 removal, with an estimated 130 kg CO2/ton of residue. Although an exhaustive study should be done, the new and innovative mineral carbonation CO2 sequestration approach in this study is promising.
Highlights
The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a major environmental challenge given their negative impact on the ecosystem
Policymakers expect that limiting the temperature increase to 1.5 ◦ C above preindustrial levels, as opposed to 2 ◦ C or more, will ensure that global climate change remains reversible
In order to confirm the mechanism of the mineral carbonation reaction through the formation of the [Fe(bipy)3 ]2+ complex and the 2,20 -bipyridine regeneration Equations (1)–(5), the time-dependent IR-spectra of the 2,20 -bipyridine before its complexation with iron cations Equation (2) and after the formation of iron carbonates where the 2,20 -bipyridine has already been complexed Equation (4) were recorded within 3800–500 cm−1 in the transmission mode at ambient temperature and pressure, showing the spectra as transmittance
Summary
The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a major environmental challenge given their negative impact on the ecosystem. Change (IPCC) has reported an increase in the average global temperature of about 0.91 ◦ C between 1880 and 2015, with an estimated increase rate of 0.2 ◦ C per decade, caused mainly by anthropogenic GHG emissions [1] an increase in the average global temperature of about 0.85 ◦ C between 1880 and 2012, with an estimated increase rate of 0.2 ◦ C per decade, caused mainly by anthropogenic GHG emissions This temperature increase has caused changes in the global climate, with serious consequences for humans and ecosystems, including more extreme weather, droughts, polar ice melting, increased sea levels, and increased ocean acidification [2,3,4,5]. In 2008, Quebec entered the Western Climate Initiative along with other Canadian provinces
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