Abstract
The requirements for obtaining cryogenic temperatures (i.e. 150 K and below) by anti-Stokes fluorescence cooling are analysed for a dielectric cooling medium located inside the cavity of a diode-pumped solid state laser. The cooling efficiency is derived in terms of pump beam parameters, intracavity loss associated with the cooling medium, reabsorption and saturation effects in the gain medium, radiative and conductive heat load on the cooling medium, and finally bulk and surface heating effects. Using experimental data for a Yb3+:ZrF4–BaF2–LaF3–AlF3–NaF [ZBLAN] cooling medium and a Yb3+:KY(WO4)2 [KYW] gain medium, the conditions for optimum cooling efficiency are obtained. Based on realistic materials properties, the analysis shows that it is feasible to obtain a cooling efficiency (i.e. cooling power per input diode pump power) of approximately 0.1% at an operating temperature of 150 K, with a heat lift up to 30 mW.
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