Abstract
Lower temperature waste heats less than 373 K have strong potentials to supply additional energies because of their enormous quantities and ubiquity. Accordingly, reinforcement of power generations harvesting low temperature heats is one of the urgent tasks for the current generation in order to accomplish energy sustainability in the coming decades. In this study, a liquid turbine power generator driven by lower temperature heats below 373 K was proposed in the aim of expanding selectable options for harvesting low temperature waste heats less than 373 K. The proposing system was so simply that it was mainly composed of a liquid turbine, a liquid container with a biphasic medium of water and an underlying water-insoluble low-boiling-point medium in a liquid phase, a heating section for vaporization of the liquid and a cooling section for entropy discharge outside the system. Assumed power generating steps via the proposing liquid turbine power generator were as follows: step 1: the underlying low-boiling-point medium in a liquid phase was vaporized, step 2: the surfacing vapor bubbles of low-boiling-point medium accompanied the biphasic medium in their wakes, step 3: such high momentum flux by step 2 rotated the liquid turbine (i.e. power generation), step 4: the surfacing low-boiling-point medium vapor was gradually condensed into droplets, step 5: the low-boiling-point medium droplets were submerged to the underlying medium in a liquid phase. Experiments with a prototype liquid turbine power generator proved power generations in accordance with the assumed steps at a little higher than ordinary temperature. Increasing output voltage could be obtained with an increase in the cooling temperature among tested ranging from 294 to 296 K in contrast to normal thermal engines. Further improvements of the direct current voltage from the proposing liquid turbine power generator can be expected by means of far more vigorous multiphase flow induced by adding solid powders and theoretical optimizations of heat and mass transfers.
Highlights
The current generation is faced with many crucial problems such as global warming, loss of biodiversity and exhaustion of fossil fuels
Lower temperature waste heats less than 373 K have strong potentials to supply additional energies because of their enormous quantities and ubiquity throughout the world. Such low temperature waste heats are generally treated to be unfit as efficient sources for power generations since they have quite high entropy, and a large portion of them is just wasted as their appellation suggests
This paper introduces a prototype liquid turbine power generator manufactured by way of its feasibility demonstrations
Summary
The current generation is faced with many crucial problems such as global warming, loss of biodiversity and exhaustion of fossil fuels. Lower temperature waste heats less than 373 K have strong potentials to supply additional energies because of their enormous quantities and ubiquity throughout the world. Such low temperature waste heats are generally treated to be unfit as efficient sources for power generations since they have quite high entropy, and a large portion of them is just wasted as their appellation suggests.
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