Feasibility and efficiency of probiotics, antibiotics and vaccines in associated bacterial infectious diseases in cattle

Abstract

The article presents the results of determining the feasibility and efficiency of the vaccine for the prevention of associated diseases in a farm with a high level of animal morbidity and the circulation of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The incidence of pneumoenteritis in calves was 38.0%, the incidence of various forms of mastitis and endometritis in cows was 48.2% and 76.2%, respectively. The causative agents of escherichiosis (Escherichia coli), staphylococcosis (Staphylococcus aureus), anaerobic enterotoxemia (Clostridium perfringens), and a number of opportunistic pathogens that were involved in complicating the associated course of the disease, were isolated from sick animals. The isolated microflora was resistant to penicillin drugs, aminoglycosides, macrolides, amphenicols, lincosamides, cephalosporins and even to some fluoroquinolones. In addition, it was found that probiotic cultures of the genus Bacillus had more pronounced antagonistic activity against isolated pathogens, so it is advisable to use them in disease outbreaks to displace pathogenic microflora from the source of infection. In the prevention of the disease and for normalization of the microflora after the use of antibacterial drugs, it is advisable to use probiotics based on lactobacilli, as they have the highest adhesion (from 6.4 ± 0.6 to 8.9 ± 0.4). Vaccination has contributed to a decrease in animal morbidity. The incidence in vaccinated cows was lower than in the control group, in particular the incidence of mastitis was lower by 15–25%; manure retention — by 15–32.7%, endometritis — by 17–30%. Double vaccination of dry cows provides the formation of colostral immunity in calves and 20% decrease in the incidence of respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in calves. In addition, vaccination of cows helped to improve the quality of milk by the degree of its contamination with bacterial microflora