Abstract
By bringing bear upon the discussion of two ancient Semitic verbs meaning to fear-Hebrew yr' and Akkadian paldbuthe findings of the modern study of the emotions, it is possible propose a plausible answer the theological dilemma as why the Hebrew Bible should employ as a term for religiosity a term which regularly describes emotions of dread and fright. Moreover, the light shed on Hebrew yr' and Akkadian palahu will, in turn, elucidate the nuances of the verb stc (ttc) in Ugaritic, Phoenician, Ammonite, and Biblical Hebrew (see below). The Hebrew verb yr', which is commonly rendered to fear, may refer either virtuous feelings and behavior,2 which are prescribed,3 or non-virtuous feelings and behavior, which are pro-
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