Fe3O4@L‐lysine‐Pd(0) organic–inorganic hybrid: As a novel heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for chemo and homoselective [2 + 3] cycloaddition synthesis of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles

Abstract

An efficient and sustainable synthetic protocol has been presented to synthesis and 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazole privileged heterocyclic substructures. The synthetic protocol involves two‐component reaction between aryl nitriles and NaN3 in water using complex of L‐lysine‐palladium nanoparticles (NPs) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetically separable, recyclable, and reusable heterogeneous catalyst. Magnetically retrievable L‐lysine‐Pd(0) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles were applied in [2 + 3] cycloaddition synthesis of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles. The advantages of this strategy include easy recovery and efficient reusability of the expensive Pd NPs, obtaining high yields of [2 + 3] cycloaddition, short reaction times, and all of the reported synthetic strategies are being performed in water as green solvent for a wide range of substrates.