Fe3O4@MCM-48–SO3H: An efficient magnetically separable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of benzo[f]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones

Abstract

Sulfonic acid groups were grafted onto three different types of synthesized magnetic nanoparticles, namely Fe3O4, Fe3O4@SiO2, and Fe3O4@MCM-48. The sulfonic acid-functionalized nanoparticles were evaluated as catalysts for the synthesis of 5-aryl-1H-benzo[f]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione derivatives in terms of activity and recyclability. Their catalytic activities were compared with that of the homogeneous acid catalyst 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([HMIm][HSO4]). The activity of Fe3O4@MCM-48–SO3H was comparable to those of the other heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts.