Abstract
In this work, we report on three new extremely sharp emission lines in zinc oxide (ZnO) related to iron–lithium complexes. The identification is based on a comparison of hydrothermally grown ZnO with high lithium concentration and a lithium-free sample grown by methane based chemical vapor deposition, which both were implanted with iron. After annealing in a mixed oxygen/argon atmosphere at 800°C, the lithium-free sample showed no additional lines besides the well-known emission at 693nm (1.78734eV), whereas the hydrothermally grown sample emitted three intense and sharp lines in photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. These emission lines at 705nm (1.75873eV), 712nm (1.74153eV), and 732nm (1.69283eV) were characterized by temperature dependent high resolution continuous wave (cw) and time-resolved PL spectroscopy, as well as by photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, and are assigned to different Fe–Li complexes. We find a single thermally activated excited state for each of the complex emission lines, different from the 4T1→6A1 transition of Fe3+ with its at least three excited states. While time-resolved photoluminescence measurements of the Fe3+ transition show a lifetime of 24.9±0.5ms, we find a reduced lifetime of 8.5±1ms for the new zero phonon lines, pointing to stronger mixture of the Fe 3d states with surrounding p-orbitals.
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