Abstract
The main aim of this research is to present complete methodological guidelines for dynamic characterization of elastomers when subjected to strain rates of 100/s–10,000/s. We consider the following three aspects: (i) the design of high strain rate testing apparatus, (ii) finite element analysis for the optimization of the experimental setup, and (iii) experimental parameters and validation for the response of an elastomeric specimen. To test low impedance soft materials, design of a modified Kolsky bar is discussed. Based on this design, the testing apparatus was constructed, validated, and optimized numerically using finite element methods. Furthermore, investigations on traditional pulse shaping techniques and a new design for pulse shaper are described. The effect of specimen geometry on the homogeneous deformation has been thoroughly accounted for. Using the optimized specimen geometry and pulse shaping technique, nitrile butadiene rubber was tested at different strain rates, and the experimental findings were compared to numerical predictions.
Highlights
Low impedance materials such as elastomers are finding new applications in industries such as automotive, biomedical, aerospace, etc
In the design of such an apparatus, important considerations such as homogenous deformation of the test specimen, hollow transmission rod, and pulse shaping techniques were taken deformation of the test specimen, hollow transmission rod, and pulse shaping techniques were taken into account
Experimental and numerical analysis the pulse shaping technique to analyze the effect of thickness and diameter of the pulse shaper on the was made on the pulse shaping technique to analyze the effect of thickness and diameter of the pulse incident pulse
Summary
Low impedance materials such as elastomers are finding new applications in industries such as automotive, biomedical, aerospace, etc. Accurate models and techniques are needed to characterize elastomers in the dynamic range. In order to generate strain rate dependent constitutive models for these materials, testing at different strain rates is required. The most common method to characterize materials at a strain rates greater than 100/s–10,000/s is the Kolsky bar technique. This apparatus has been widely used to dynamically characterize materials such as metals [1], ceramics [2], foam [3], composites [4], and smart materials [5]. The Kolsky bar is an ideal choice to characterize the stress strain response of material as a function of strain rate. A family of curves can be generated for dynamic models to accurately predict performance in impact applications
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