Abstract
BackgroundIn some patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, even if they had substantial of radioactive iodine (RAI) uptake, the RAI therapy response was poor. We investigated the usefulness of FDG PET/CT for the early prediction of RAI therapy response in the patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).MethodsThe 54 metastatic DTC patients who underwent both RAI therapy scan and FDG PET/CT at the same period were enrolled in the study. Clinical information and several parameters from RAI therapy scan and FDG PET/CT were investigated. Therapeutic response of RAI was assessed as two categories: response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR).ResultsTwenty-two patients (41%) had therapeutic response to RAI therapy, whereas 32 (59%) patients did not. There were no significant differences in age, sex, stage, histology, metastasis site, stimulated Tg or Tg-Ab, therapeutic doses, and even RAI uptake pattern among two groups. However, there was a significant negative correlation between FDG avidity of metastatic lesions and RR (OR = 0.233; p = 0.016). Although the patient group with only RAI uptake showed a significant correlation with RR (OR = 5.833; p = 0.01), the patient group with both RAI and FDG uptake did not show any significant correlation with RR. In the subgroup analysis, uptake grades of RAI or FDG was well correlated with DCR.ConclusionsThe patient group with FDG uptake in metastatic DTC showed poor response to RAI therapy regardless of the degree of RAI uptake. Therefore, FDG PET/CT may help us identify the patients with radioiodine refractory DTC and establish an appropriate treatment strategy in the early period.
Highlights
The incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing in many countries including Korea [1]
We investigated the usefulness of FDG PET/CT for the early prediction of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy response in the patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC)
There were no significant differences in age, sex, stage, histology, metastasis site, stimulated Tg or Tg-Ab, therapeutic doses, and even RAI uptake pattern among two groups
Summary
The incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing in many countries including Korea [1]. Metastasis from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) occurs in approximately 10% of all patients, and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is a well-known first-line therapeutic option [2,3,4]. 33%–50% patients with metastasis eventually become refractory to RAI [5, 6] and these patients generally have poor prognosis. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) medications, such as sorafenib and lenvatinib, have been introduced in these RAI-refractory patients with an expectation of improved prognosis [9, 10]. In some patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, even if they had substantial of radioactive iodine (RAI) uptake, the RAI therapy response was poor. We investigated the usefulness of FDG PET/CT for the early prediction of RAI therapy response in the patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC)
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