Abstract
BackgroundThe collection and analysis of Atomic Force Microscopy force curves is a well-established procedure to obtain high-resolution information of non-topographic data from any kind of sample, including biological specimens. In particular, these analyses are commonly employed to study elasticity, stiffness or adhesion properties of the samples. Furthermore, the collection of several force curves over an extended area of the specimens allows reconstructing maps, called force volume maps, of the spatial distribution of the mechanical properties. Coupling these maps with the conventional high-resolution topographic reconstruction of the sample’s surface, provides a deeper insight on the sample composition from the structural and nanomechanical point of view.ResultsIn this paper we present the open source software package FC_analysis that automatically analyses single force curves or entire force volume maps to yield the corresponding elasticity and deformability images. The principal characteristic of the FC_analysis is a large adaptability to the various experimental setups and to different analysis methodologies. For instance, the user can provide custom values for the detector sensitivity, scanner-z sensitivity, cantilever’s elastic constant and map’s acquisition modality and can choose between different analysis methodologies. Furthermore, the software allows the optimization of the fitting parameters and gives direct control on each step of the analysis procedure. Notably, to overcome a limitation common to many other analysis programs, FC_analysis can be applied to a rectangular portion of the image, allowing the analysis of inhomogeneous samples. Finally, the software allows reconstructing a Young’s modulus map at different penetration depths, enabling the use of modern investigation tools such as the force tomography.ConclusionsThe FC_analysis software aims to become a useful tool for the analysis of force curves maps collected using custom or commercial Atomic Force Microscopes, and is especially useful in those cases for which the producer doesn’t release a dedicated software.
Highlights
The collection and analysis of Atomic Force Microscopy force curves is a well-established procedure to obtain high-resolution information of non-topographic data from any kind of sample, including biological specimens
Specimens’ preparation To test the capabilities of the software package, we investigated three different classes of samples: (i) we calculated the Young’s modulus map of a peculiar structure of the human Red Blood Cell (RBCs) membrane; (ii) we Atomic force microscopy The force volume (FV) maps were acquired with two different microscopes, using different setups: a homemade Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), described in detail elsewhere [23, 24], and a commercial AFM (FlexAFM, Nanosurf, Liestal, CH)
To demonstrate that FC_analysis can be used to analyse the force curve maps obtained from different AFMs, with radically diverse instrumental setups, analysis parameters, modalities and sample’s characteristics, we performed experiments on two different microscopes on samples ranging from materials sciences to biology
Summary
The collection and analysis of Atomic Force Microscopy force curves is a well-established procedure to obtain high-resolution information of non-topographic data from any kind of sample, including biological specimens. These analyses are commonly employed to study elasticity, stiffness or adhesion properties of the samples. The collection of several force curves over an extended area of the specimens allows reconstructing maps, called force volume maps, of the spatial distribution of the mechanical properties Coupling these maps with the conventional high-resolution topographic reconstruction of the sample’s surface, provides a deeper insight on the sample composition from the structural and nanomechanical point of view. By fitting the values of this curve using different models, we can quantitatively determine the stiffness of the area under investigation
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
