Faut-il mieux informer les femmes jeunes sur leur fertilité ? Étude des connaissances sur une population d’étudiantes

Abstract

ObjectivesTo assess midwifery students’ knowledge in the field of female fertility and to study their decision if they had diagnosis of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Subjects and methodsA prospective observational study by self-administered questionnaire was conducted among female midwifery students of seven French schools from June to December 2013. The questionnaire had three parts: (1) questions designed to gather information on the study population; (2) a questionnaire consisting of 10 items to test knowledge about female fertility and ovarian reserve; (3) a self-administered questionnaire simulating a DOR diagnosis and quantifying the decision that students would make using a Likert scale of 5 points. ResultsThe participation rate was 72.5% (n=285/393). The average age was 22, 6 years±1.9. Among the 285 participants, the ovarian reserve concept was known by 93% of them (n=265) thanks to the midwifery studies (77%, n=204), the media (9%, n=24) and other sources of information. In total, 83.5% of midwifery students (n=238) were interested in assessing their ovarian reserve, and 48.3% of them were interested in evaluating it immediately (n=115). Among midwifery students, 22.5% of them (n=64) reported that female fertility began to decline from the age of 35 years old; 85.6% (n=244) thought that in vitro fertilization allowed women to conceive if fertility is related to a diminished ovarian reserve; 43.9% (n=125) answered that physical activity and a healthy diet had a beneficial effect on the ovarian reserve. If a DOR was diagnosed to them, 76.8% of students (n=219) would be likely to conceive their first child earlier than expected. Among them, 57.9% (n=165) would agree to have oocyte freezing in this context. ConclusionThis study is the first in France that assessed students’ knowledge on fertility. We observed: (1) gaps and misconceptions about female fertility despite a medical training in midwifery students; (2) a belief that in vitro fertilization is effective to overcome infertility related to age; (3) that some of these young students would be favorable to oocyte social freezing (technique not allowed in France); (4) that an adequate information on the decrease of fertility with age could lead some students to anticipate their first pregnancy. Specific information regarding the decrease of fertility with age should be offered to all reproductive-aged young women.