Abstract
In this paper, the control scheme of a distributed high-speed generator system with a total amount of 12 generators and nominal generator speed of 7000 min − 1 is studied. Specifically, a fault tolerant control (FTC) scheme is proposed to keep the turbine in operation in the presence of up to four simultaneous generator faults. The proposed controller structure consists of two layers: The upper layer is the baseline controller, which is separated into a partial load region with the generator torque as an actuating signal and the full-load operation region with the collective pitch angle as the other actuating signal. In addition, the lower layer is responsible for the fault diagnosis and FTC characteristics of the distributed generator drive train. The fault reconstruction and fault tolerant control strategy are tested in simulations with several actuator faults of different types.
Highlights
The electrical system of the state-of-the-art variable speed wind turbines (WT) consists of a single generator, a power electronic interface and a transformer, which is connected to the grid
The wind turbine (WT) drive train shown in Figure 1 consists of two stage epicyclical split gears, a spur gear for power distribution and twelve epicyclic split gears directly connected to each generator
The upper layer is the baseline controller, which is separated into a partial load region with generator torque as the actuating signal and the full-load operation region with a collective pitch angle as the actuating signal
Summary
The electrical system of the state-of-the-art variable speed wind turbines (WT) consists of a single generator, a power electronic interface and a transformer, which is connected to the grid. Some model-based FTC approaches are proposed for wind turbines with conventional single generator drive trains: in [4], passive and active fault-tolerant controllers are designed and considered with regard to accommodating altered actuator dynamics in the pitch system model. In [7,8], active fault-tolerant control is achieved in the partial load region of wind turbines by means of a sensor fault hiding approach. The proposed FTC strategy is based on the modification of control inputs in the presence of actuator faults and on the active-fault compensation of the sensor output signal in the presence of sensor faults. This paper is organized as follows: Section 2 presents the reduced-order wind turbine model with distributed generators, the baseline control laws for the partial/full load region and the optimal controller design for the full-load region.
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