Abstract
In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), node failure is an imperative concern in a hostile environment. These node failures create disjoints in the network and leads to a network partitioning problem. It is important for the nodes to be alive and communicate with each other to check the network connectivity. Replacement of Mobile Relay Nodes (MRN) in the location of faulty nodes is the best solutions to reestablish the network connectivity. In this paper, a diverse mechanism is proposed to restore the network connectivity, in the first approach the gateway node takes the responsibility of identifying the faulty node and corresponding communication is to be given to MRN. In the second approach, the residual energy of each node will play a major role in determining the faulty node. Further, performance analysis was performed using a hardware setup with Node MCU and Raspberry Pi3, which proves that this work is mainly suitable for resource constrained devices and provides better results in restoring network connectivity. The performance was validated using experimental analysis and better performance was achieved.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) includes geographically deployed end nodes which comprises of low-powered tiny sensors which consists of the microcontroller, transceiver, with power source, that measures the environmental parameters like temperature, humidity, pressure etc., After deployment, the end nodes are organized to form a connected network so that they can send and receive messages from the base station
The algorithm restores the inter-segment connectivity by creating strengthening paths to attain the following three objectives: Failure toleration, latency reduction and energy consumption minimization. It can be concluded from this review that different, mostly conflicting; objectives have been considered for connectivity restoration in the existing work including the restoration cost versus the restoration time and reliability. This proposed work focuses on the multi-node failure restoration by the deployment of additional relay nodes called Mobile Relay Nodes (MRNs) without changing the topology of the network
If the residual energy of the node is less than the threshold energy required for the node to function the node is declared as the faulty node
Summary
WSN includes geographically deployed end nodes which comprises of low-powered tiny sensors which consists of the microcontroller, transceiver, with power source, that measures the environmental parameters like temperature, humidity, pressure etc., After deployment, the end nodes are organized to form a connected network so that they can send and receive messages from the base station. The possible solution to restore the connectivity (Essam et al, 2018; Jahanshahi and Maddah, 2018; Feng et al, 2019; Joshi and Younis, 2016) can be through node relocation by cascaded node movement as mentioned in (Mahmood et al, 2018) In this method, the leaf node replaces the failed node and there is a coverage hole at the place of the leaf node and only a single node failure (Singh and Jinila, 2016) can be recovered by cascaded movement. When there are node failures in the network, based on the local information from the gateway and without reconstruction of the topology the MRNs will replace the failure nodes to connect the disjoint partitions and restore the network connectivity This scheme avoids unnecessary node movement and rehabilitation of the topology in order to ensure the efficient multi node failure recovery
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