Fault diagnosis in asynchronous motors based on an optimal deep bidirectional long short-term memory networks

Abstract

Fault diagnosis of asynchronous motors has become a pressing need in the metallurgical industry. Due to the complex structure of asynchronous motors, fault types and fault characteristics are diverse, with strong nonlinear relationships between them, which leads to the difficulty of fault diagnosis. To efficiently and accurately diagnose various motor faults, we propose a fault diagnosis method based on an optimal deep bidirectional long short-term memory neural network. First, the three-phase current, multidimensional vibrational signal, and acoustic signal of the asynchronous motor are collected and construct diverse and robust data sample set to enhance the generalization ability of the model. Next, a modified 3D logistics-sine complex chaotic map (3D LSCCM) is constructed to improve the global and local search capabilities of the pigeon swarm optimization algorithm (PIO). Then, we construct a deep bidirectional long short-term memory network (Bid-LSTM) with attention mechanism to mine high-value fault characteristic information. Meanwhile, the optimal hyper-parameters of the deep ABid-LSTM are explored using the modified PIO to improve the training performance of the model. Finally, the fault data samples of asynchronous motor are induced to train and test the proposed framework. By fusing diverse data samples, the proposed method outperforms conventional deep Bid-LSTM and achieves fault diagnosis accuracy of 99.13%. It provides a novel diagnostic strategy for motor fault diagnosis.