Abstract
The uses of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables pose a challenge of power system protection since the impedance of the HTS cable is varied during fault conditions. The protection systems should be designed properly to ensure the reliability and stability of the whole system. This paper presents a fault analysis of the co-axial HTS cable in the mesh system and proposes a coordinated protection system. In the proposed protection system, the main protection is the differential current relay whereas the backup protections are the overcurrent and directional overcurrent relays. The normal and abnormal relay operations are considered to analyze the transient fault current in the HTS cable and evaluate the performance of the proposed coordinated protection system. Characteristics of cable impedances and temperatures under various fault conditions are presented. The proposed protection scheme is validated by the simulation in the PSCAD/EMTDC program. Simulation results show that the coordinated protection scheme could successfully protect the HTS cables in both normal and abnormal relay operations.
Highlights
High-temperature superconductors (HTS) exhibit superconducting behavior at critical temperature that is varied according to the layered materials
OCRs are used as backup protection for high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables
This study has presented a fault analysis of the co-axial HTS cable in the mesh system and the
Summary
High-temperature superconductors (HTS) exhibit superconducting behavior at critical temperature that is varied according to the layered materials. Magnesium diboride (MgB2 ) is generally regarded as a conventional HTS with its critical temperature of 39 K. Cuprate superconductors such as YBCO and BSCCO with transition temperatures above the 77 K boiling point of liquid nitrogen have been found [1]. High-temperature superconductors have become suitable for practical uses and have great potential for wide-ranging technological applications, such as HTS cables. The uses of HTS cables in HVDC transmission systems have been presented in [6,7,8]. In urban areas where land availability is limited, the HTS cable can replace the traditional high voltage transmission system to supply power for the urban load [9,10,11]
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