Fatwa Issuance in the Islamic Law: The Specific of Implementation under the Conditions of the Chechen Republic (History and Modernity)

Abstract

The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of fatwa-issuance procedure, characteristic of the Muslim legal system. The article also provides the concept of fatwa and the requirements for the status of a fatwa-issuer. The scientific analysis is based on the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), as well as the basic four religious and legal schools of Islamic fiqh (madhhabs). In addition, the fatwa-issuing activity in the conditions of historical Chechnya is considered on the example of qadi’s theological activity from Shalinsky district, Sheikh Sugaip-mullah. Areligious figure who issues a fatwa must comply with a number of conditions and requirements. In conclusion, the article notes that issuing fatwa (fatwa-issuance) is a very serious and responsible procedure and mission that must be carried out based on the fundamental sources of the Muslim law and the achievements of the religious and the legal schools (madhhabs). A person who issues a fatwa (fatwa issuer) must meet very high standards. Ignorance, and especially in religious matters, gives seeds producing sprouts of confusion and ignorance (fitnah).