Fatty acids of Pleurotus florida mushroom: Potential molecules for blood glucose control

Abstract

In Vitro-In Vivo antidiabetic effect of Pleurotus florida mycelia was evaluated using enzymes, yeast cell and in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic (T2D) animal model. P. florida mycelia was prepared by submerged fermentation process. The fungal biomass was organically extracted using mixture of ethanol and water. Highest extractives yield of 14.3% w/w was obtained in hydroalcoholic solvent with dielectric constant-δ value of 78.2 (EX78). P. florida mycelia extract (EX 78) shows higher antioxidant power with 86.87% free radical scavenging activity and with 75.29 reducing power. In-vitro α-amylase inhibition, α-glucosidase inhibition and glucose uptake activity of EX 78 shows higher effectiveness. The P. florida mycelia extract (EX 78) is also found to be effective in controlling of blood glucose and insulin level in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced T2D animals. The blood glucose was reduced to 216 ± 6.21 mg/dl from 357 ± 0.34 mg/dl and the insulin level was increased to 0.423 ± 0.006 ng per mL from 0.164 ± 0.03 ng/mL in P. florida treated animals. The higher fatty acids, C20-eicosane; C24-tetracosane and C30-squalene present in P. florida mycelium extract was found to be effective in inhibiting human intestinal α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylase. The P. florida mushroom is found to be effective in controlling high blood glucose elevated liver and cardiac enzymes. Consumption of this mushroom is suitable for controlling blood glucose level in person with hyperglycaemia.