Abstract
Irrational pharmacotherapy with tetracyclines can cause mitochondrial cytopathies of liver cells and the development of toxic dystrophy. The issue of violation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of fatty acids and their functional role in the development of liver dystrophy has not been studied enough. Therefore, the aim of the work was to determine the features of changes in the fatty acid composition of blood serum and liver lipids in rats with tetracycline-induced hepatosis and the corrective efficacy of the phospholipid-acceptable dietary supplement “FLP-MD”. It was experimentally established that, in the composition of blood serum lipids and liver tissue, key changes in modeling tetracycline-induced hepatosis in rats (250 mg/kg for 7 days) are primarily tested for polyene fatty acids (PUFAs). In blood serum this is manifested by a decrease in the level of docosadiienoic (22:2ω6) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6ω3), as well as the total PUFA content due to representatives of the ω3 family, respectively, by 1.3 times. At the same time, a decrease in the content of eicosapentenoic (20:5ω3), docosapentaenoic (22:5ω3), docosahexaenoic (22:6ω3) acids and the saturated/unsaturated fatty acid (SFA/UFA) and ω3/ω6 PUFA ratios, respectively, are noted in the lipid fraction of the liver, respectively by 1.3 times. In contrast to these animals, the use of reparative action of a phospholipid-acceptable dietary supplement “FLP-MD” (13.5 mg/kg) in sick rats provides a significant increase in the level of these fatty acids both in blood serum and in the liver and the restoration of their profile for other representatives. Thus, the components of the “FLP-MD” dietary supplement show a corrective effect on the fatty acid composition of the lipid component of blood serum and liver tissue of animals with tetracycline-induced hepatosis. Indicators have been experimentally established for the diagnosis of toxic liver damage and preclinical trials of the hepatoprotective efficacy of new drugs, which is a promising area of research in veterinary hepatopathology.
Highlights
Among the toxic compounds causing structural and functional changes in the liver in the form of fatty hepatosis, antibiotics, which are often used in the treatment of various diseases, dominate (Madian, 2015)
As a result of the study, it was found that the characteristic features of the fatty acid composition of the serum lipid fraction of rats with tetracycline-induced hepatosis were: a significant increase in the content of individual SFA representatives, in particular, caprylic acid (8:0) by 1.3 times, lauric acid (12:0) 1.1 times, margaric acid (17:0) 2.3 times and a significant increase in the level of the acid of the MUFA class – oleic (18:1ω9) 1.4 times compared with the intact control
Regularities were established experimentally regarding the fatty acid composition of the blood serum and liver of rats of toxic liver damage with the antibiotic tetracycline, which allowed us to determine indicators by which toxic liver damage can be diagnosed and preclinical trials of the hepatoprotective efficacy of new drugs can be performed. This applies to the four fatty acids of the PUFA class and the correlation of indicators corresponding to these changes
Summary
Among the toxic compounds causing structural and functional changes in the liver in the form of fatty hepatosis, antibiotics (primarily the tetracycline series), which are often used in the treatment of various diseases, dominate (Madian, 2015). Despite the successes achieved in providing pharmacological correction of structural, functional and metabolic changes in the mammalian organism during liver pathology, the issues of violation of the composition of fatty acids and their functional role in the development of fatty degeneration are insufficiently studied (Bothra et al, 2018; Calitz et al, 2018; Kagebeck et al, 2018). Four classes of fatty acids enter the body of mammals: saturated (SFA), monoenoic (MUFA), PUFA of the ω-6 and ω-3 family. The fatty acid composition of the blood plasma and body tissues of mammals is significantly affected by age, gender, endocrine status, and genetic factors (Jump & Clarke, 1999; Gula & Margitich, 2009). Fatty acids can structurally change under the influence of elongases and desaturases, be involved in the synthesis of complex lipids, in particular phospholipids and triacylglycerols, and undergo oxidation (Wie et al, 2018)
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