Abstract
The fatty acid profile (total, neutral and polar lipids) and cholesterol and retinol contents of the intramuscular -Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Psoas major (PM)-, adipose -rump, covering Biceps femoris muscle, ventral and dorsal-, perirenal and hepatic fat of the Celta pig breed (Galicia, northwest Spain) were evaluated. Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid, except in the polar lipids of the intramuscular fat, where the most abundant fatty acid was linoleic acid. The fatty acid composition of total and neutral lipids was influenced more by the location than the fatty acids of polar lipids. There were some differences only in minor fatty acids of intramuscular and subcutaneous fat between castrated females and castrated males. The fatty acids of neutral lipids were also more influenced by sex than the fatty acids of polar lipids. The cholesterol and retinol contents showed no significant differences by sex. The LD muscle showed a higher content of intramuscular fat than the PM muscle. The greatest cholesterol values were described in the liver. Subcutaneous locations showed higher cholesterol levels than muscles.
Highlights
The Celta pig is an autochthonous porcine breed raised traditionally in Galicia
A statistical analysis of the results showed that the total amount of SFA, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), MUFA and PUFA in the intramuscular fat was affected by the type of muscle
The enzyme Δ-9 desaturase would be very active in Celta hogs, as it is favored by the carbohydrates and the MUFA, which would explain in part the high content of
Summary
The Celta pig is an autochthonous porcine breed raised traditionally in Galicia (northwest of Spain). Because of their poor growth rate, carcass conformation and crossbreeding between local pigs and improved breeds, the Celta breed became extinct during the second half of the 20th century. The aim of the recovery of the Celta pig breed is to obtain high-quality meat, and to contribute to the environmental preservation and the recovery of traditional practices. The recovery of the Celta pig breed has the objective the producing high-quality dry-cured meat products such as “lacón” (Lorenzo et al, 2014), dry-cured ham (Bermúdez et al, 2012; 2014; Lorenzo et al, 2013) and “chorizo” (Gómez and Lorenzo, 2013)
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